Centos 搭建dhcp服务器

dhcp是动态主机配置协议，使用udp协议，主要使用udp67和udp 68号端口

1.client端会发送dhcp discover广播包

2.dhcp服务器会回应dhcp offer广播包

3.client端会发送dhcp request广播包

4.dhcp服务器发送dhcp ack广播包

[root@mini ~]# rpm -qa dhcp

[root@mini ~]# cat /etc/centos-release

CentOS release 6.9 (Final)

[root@mini ~]# uname -r

2.6.32-696.el6.i686

[root@mini ~]# uname -m

i686

[root@mini ~]# yum install -y dhcp

[root@mini ~]# rpm -qa dhcp

dhcp-4.1.1-53.P1.el6.centos.1.i686

[root@mini ~]# rpm -qc dhcp

/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

/etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf

/etc/openldap/schema/dhcp.schema

/etc/portreserve/dhcpd

/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd

/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd6

/etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay

/etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay6

/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases

/var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd6.leases

[root@mini ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

#

# DHCP Server Configuration file.

#  see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample

#  see 'man 5 dhcpd.conf'

#

查询dhcp sample文件(dhcpd.conf.sample文件为dhcp配置文件模板)

# rpm -ql dhcp

配置完成后的文件

[root@mini ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

#

# DHCP Server Configuration file.

#  see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample

#  see 'man 5 dhcpd.conf'

#

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.

subnet 172.16.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 172.16.1.10 172.16.1.30

option domain-name-servers mini.localdomain

option domain-name "mini.localdomain"

option routers 172.16.1.1

option broadcast-address 172.16.1.1

default-lease-time 600

max-lease-time 7200

}

查看配置是否正确

[root@mini ~]# /etc/init.d/dhcpd configtest

Syntax: OK

DHCP启动失败，并查询到如下报错信息(/var/log/messages)

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd: No subnet declaration for eth0 (192.168.28.139).

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd: ** Ignoring requests on eth0.  If this is not what

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd:    you want, please write a subnet declaration

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd:    in your dhcpd.conf file for the network segment

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd:    to which interface eth0 is attached. **

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd:

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd:

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd: Not configured to listen on any interfaces!

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd:

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd: This version of ISC DHCP is based on the release available

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd: on ftp.isc.org.  Features have been added and other changes

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd: have been made to the base software release in order to make

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd: it work better with this distribution.

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd:

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd: Please report for this software via the CentOS Bugs Database:

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd:    http://bugs.centos.org/

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd:

Nov  6 06:37:24 mini dhcpd: exiting.

解决办法:

这是因为DHCP程序发现没有“Not configured to listen on any interfaces”，只需要配置相应的IP到目标网卡中便可以解决这个问题。

[root@mini ~]# ifconfig eth1 172.16.1.1/24

[root@mini ~]# /etc/init.d/dhcpd start

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.1.1-P1

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd: Copyright 2004-2010 Internet Systems Consortium.

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd: All rights reserved.

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd: Not searching LDAP since ldap-server, ldap-port and ldap-base-dn were not specified in the config file

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd: Wrote 0 leases to leases file.

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd: Listening on LPF/eth1/00:0c:29:c5:2b:7e/172.16.1.0/24

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd: Sending on  LPF/eth1/00:0c:29:c5:2b:7e/172.16.1.0/24

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd:

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd: No subnet declaration for eth0 (192.168.28.139).

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd: ** Ignoring requests on eth0.  If this is not what

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd:    you want, please write a subnet declaration

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd:    in your dhcpd.conf file for the network segment

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd:    to which interface eth0 is attached. **

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd:

Nov  6 06:43:11 mini dhcpd: Sending on  Socket/fallback/fallback-net

[root@mini ~]# cat /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases

注意：如果Linux开启了防火墙，那么需要对UDP 67和UDP 68放行。或者直接将放火墙关闭

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安装

yum -y install vsftpd

安装后修改配置

vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

不允许匿名操作

开启用户管理列表

在文件最后面新增allow_writeable_chroot=YES，允许已登录用户进行上传

编辑用户管理列表

vi /etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

添加ftpuser用户

mkdir -p /home/ftp

创建ftp的根路径

useradd -d /home/ftptest -s /sbin/nologin ftpuser

新增用户并配置为ftpuser用户的主文件夹

usermod -aG ftp ftpuser

将ftpuser用户放置在ftp用户组中

chown ftpuser /home/ftp

修改ftp文件的所属

passwd ftpuser

修改ftpuser用户密码

vi /etc/selinux/config

如图配置

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=ftp

开启ftp服务

firewall-cmd --reload

重加载firewall

systemctl start vsftpd

重启

systemctl status vsftpd

查看firewall状态

输入ftpuser的账号密码

文件服务器ftp文件夹根目录

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