如何表征金纳米溶液？

去掉盐，也就是用

去离子水

多洗

，不过需要

高速离心机

，否则小粒子下不来。另外，用TEM测试的话，需要做多浓度的实验，可以用毛细管点不同浓度（相差可以10倍）的溶液观察一下，如果没有合适的，可以继续调节，直到粒子均匀分散在碳膜上。其次，用场发射SEM也可以看，但同样要洗，不过可以不用TEM滴样那么麻烦，可以滴加一滴，倾斜样品台，让

液滴

流动，这样就能形成一定的浓度梯度，看起来选择合适区域拍照即可。

1．右手握住镜臂，左手托住镜座。

2．把显微镜放在实验台上，略偏左（显微镜放在距实验台边缘7厘米左右

处）。安装好目镜和物镜。

二、对光

3．转动转换器，使低倍物镜对准通光孔(物镜的前端与载物台要保持2厘

米的距离)。

4．把一个较大的光圈对准通光孔。左眼注视目镜内(右眼睁开，便于以后

同时画图)。转动反光镜，使光线通过通光孔反射到镜筒内。通过目镜，可以

看到白亮的视野。

三、观察

5．把所要观察的玻片标本（也可以用印有“6”字的薄纸片制成）放在

载物台上，用压片夹压住，标本要正对通光孔的中心。

6．转动粗准焦螺旋，使镜筒缓缓下降，直到物镜接近玻片标本为止（眼

睛看着物镜，以免物镜碰到玻片标本）。

7．左眼向目镜内看，同时反方向转动粗准焦螺旋，使镜筒缓缓上升，直

到看清物像为止。再略微转动细准焦螺旋，使看到的物像更加清晰。

爱迪生（1847.2.11~1931.10.18）：美国人，著名的“发明大王”。爱迪生家境贫寒，只读了3个月的书就失学了。但他勤于自学，善于思考，对科学实验如痴如醉。他一生中有近2000项发明，其中最著名的有留声机、电灯、电影摄影机、碱性蓄电池等。1879年10月21日，他在新泽西州门罗公园实验室用碳化的卷绕棉线作为灯丝。成功地制作出世界上第一个电灯泡。他花了近3天时间把灯丝装进真空玻璃泡，通上电源，发出相当于10盏煤气灯的温柔光芒，它延续了约45个小时。他试验过从世界各地找来的1600种耐热材料、6000种植物纤维。他确定以碳化竹丝做灯丝。这种灯丝能连续照明1200小时。1908年，爱迪生电气公司职员威廉·克里奇又发明了钨丝灯丝，最终使灯丝经久耐用。尽管小时候只上了几个月的学，被辱骂为“蠢钝糊涂”的“低能儿”，退学了。他眼泪汪汪地回到家，要妈妈教他读书，并下决心：长大了，要在世界上做一番事业。爱迪生在家里喜欢捣鼓一些奇奇怪怪的小试验，有时免不了要闹点笑话，出点小乱子。父亲就不许他再搞小实验，爱迪生急得直说，说：“不要我做实验，怎么能研究学问？怎么能做出一番事业来呢？”爸爸、妈妈听了他的话，感动得只好收回“禁令”。通过坚持不懈的努力，他除了在留声机、电灯、电话、电报、电影等方面的发明和贡献以外，在矿业、建筑业、化工等领域也有不少著名的创造和真知灼见，成为著名的发明家，被誉为“发明大王”。爱迪生一生共有约两千项创造发明，为人类的文明和进步做出了巨大的贡献。据说智商为160。Edison (1847.2.11 ~ 1931.10.18): Americans, the famous "King of the invention." Edison's family was poor, read the book 3 months in the school. However, he diligent self-learning, good at thinking of the scientific experiments mesmerizing. Of his life nearly 2000 inventions, which are the most famous phonograph, electric light, film camera, alkaline batteries and so on. October 21, 1879, in his Menlo Park, New Jersey, laboratories carbonized cotton thread as a filament winding. Succeeded in making the world's first light bulb. He spent nearly three days time to put into a vacuum glass bulb filament, pass on the power to issue the equivalent of 10 gas lamps of the gentle light, which lasted about 45 hours. His trial recruited 1,600 collected from around the world, is heat-stable materials, 6000 kinds of plant fiber. He has identified with carbonized bamboo filament to do. This filament can be 1200 hours continuous illumination. In 1908, Edison Electric Company employees 威廉克里奇 also invented a tungsten wire, the end, the filament durable. Although the child only on a few months of school, was verbally abused as "slow on the uptake confused" and "low-energy child," dropped out. He tearfully home to his mother taught him reading, and resolve to: grow up, to make a career in the world. Edison Daogu at home like some weird little experiment to trouble spots and sometimes even a joke out of such a small disturbance. Father allowed him to engage in small experiments, Edison anxious say so, saying: "Do not test me, how can we study learning? How can they make a career?" The father, mother listened to his words, moved to had to be withdrawn "ban." Through unremitting efforts, he made the phonograph, electric light, telephone, telegraph, movies, etc. outside of the invention and contribution, in the mining, construction, chemical industry, there are many well-known creativity and insights into the famous inventors, known as the "king of the invention." Edison's lifetime total of about 2000 for invention, for the human civilization and progress made tremendous contributions. Said IQ is 160.

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