这个需要空间支持,比如你买的是万网的空间,就不能开启GZIP压缩。
Apache启用gzip
如果要开启gzip的话,一定要打开下面二个模块.
LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers. soLoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate. so
设置压缩比率,取值范围在 1(最低) 到 9(最高)之间,不建议设置太高,虽然有很高的压缩率,但是占用更多的CPU资源。
DeflateCompressionLevel 3AddOutputFilter DEFLATE html xml php js css
<Location />
SetOutputFilter DEFLATE
BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html
BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4\.0[678] no-gzip
BrowserMatch \bMSIE !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html
SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \\.(?:gif|jpe?g|png)$ no-gzip dont-vary
SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI .(?:exe|t?gz|zip|bz2|sit|rar)$ no-gzip dont-vary
SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI .(?:pdf|mov|avi|mp3|mp4|rm)$ no-gzip dont-vary
Header append Vary User-Agent env=!dont-vary #对代理的设置
</Location>
另外讲一下,有关squid对gzip的处理
在squid中,对同一个URL只保留一份缓存。对于如果不同browser(是否支持压缩)如果频繁交替访问,例如:对某个cache住的目标,一个http/1.0请求可能会导致squid强制更新其缓存。但接下来的另一个http/1.1请求又会导致squid再次更新缓存。这样那squid缓存数据就要频繁更新,这就极大的降低了cache命中率。
不过还好,现实环境中不支持压缩的browser毕竟是很少的情况,所以对于缓存命中率的降低很有限。
这个神通广大的模块就是mod_gzip。它通过用和gzip一样的压缩算法对apache发出的页面进行压缩,可能的话可以把页面压缩成为原来大小的十份之一。哪,如果10K的页面只要传1K这不就是提速10倍嘛。当然一般网页只可以达到3-6倍。那也很不错。对吧。连google这样一个大的网站都采用这个技术。你还不快跟上?
这样一个好东东,来来来,我告诉你如何安装:分3步,1、下载,2、修改配置,3、测试。
安装, 配置
把mod_gzip放到你的apache的源代码目录下,新建一个mod_gzip目录如果需要补丁(针对1.3.17. la版) 还需运行:
patch mod_gizp.c按你需要,在配置中选择动态DSO或静态编译进apache系统。如何处理在README中讲得很清楚,如-add-module=mod_gzip.c, make,make install等等。这里不多讲。
把下列配置加入httpd.conf尾部。
# MOD_GZIP configurationmod_gzip_on Yes
mod_gzip_minimum_file_size 1002
mod_gzip_maximum_file_size 0
mod_gzip_maximum_inmem_size 60000
mod_gzip_item_include mime "application/x-httpd-php"
mod_gzip_item_include mime text/*
mod_gzip_item_include mime "httpd/unix-directory"
mod_gzip_dechunk Yes
mod_gzip_temp_dir "/tmp"
mod_gzip_keep_workfiles No
mod_gzip_item_include file ".php3$"
mod_gzip_item_include file ".txt$"
mod_gzip_item_include file ".html$"
mod_gzip_item_exclude file ".css$"
mod_gzip_item_exclude file ".js$"
在保存修改后运行…/bin/apachectl configtest确保配置修改无误。
然后用 apachectl restart 指令重起服务。
在宣布做好了之前在测试一下是优秀程序员的习惯。为了尽量不影响你的用户的浏览,我们可以用把新的apache驱动在8080端口上或者用指令控制mod_gzip起作用的目录,而不是一下子全用mod_gzip。
用法如下:
MOD_GZIP configurationMod_gzip真的很神奇,100K的HTML大文档只要12K就可以传到用户端了。越先采用这个技术你的用户对你的网站的高速度印象就越深。不过有所得必有所失,由于解压是在客户端进行的,效果和用户 的浏览器有一定关系。
教程如上,不懂在追问吧
gzip是linux下的压缩工具,只能压缩文件,不能用于目录。压缩:gzip 文件名
解压:gunzip 文件名
如果要压缩目录,一般先打包成tar,再用gzip压缩,两条命令一起使用如下:
压缩:tar zfcv 目录
解压:tar xfcv 目录
解决:gzip -c test.txt >/root/test.gz,文件流重定向,解压也是,gunzip -c /root/test.gz >./test.txt
经验:更常用的命令tar同样可以解压*.gz,参数为-c
附gzip帮助文件
GZIP(1) General Commands Manual GZIP(1)
NAME
gzip, gunzip, zcat - compress or expand files
SYNOPSIS
gzip [ -acdfhlLnNrtvV19 ] [-S suffix] [ name ... ]
gunzip [ -acfhlLnNrtvV ] [-S suffix] [ name ... ]
zcat [ -fhLV ] [ name ... ]
OPTIONS
-a --ascii
Ascii text mode: convert end-of-lines using local conventions.
This option is supported only on some non-Unix systems. For
MSDOS, CR LF is converted to LF when compressing, and LF is con‐
verted to CR LF when decompressing.
-c --stdout --to-stdout
Write output on standard outputkeep original files unchanged.
If there are several input files, the output consists of a
sequence of independently compressed members. To obtain better
compression, concatenate all input files before compressing
them.
-d --decompress --uncompress
Decompress.
-f --force
Force compression or decompression even if the file has multiple
links or the corresponding file already exists, or if the com‐
pressed data is read from or written to a terminal. If the input
data is not in a format recognized by gzip, and if the option
--stdout is also given, copy the input data without change to
the standard output: let zcat behave as cat. If -f is not
given, and when not running in the background, gzip prompts to
verify whether an existing file should be overwritten.
-h --help
Display a help screen and quit.
-l --list
For each compressed file, list the following fields:
compressed size: size of the compressed file
uncompressed size: size of the uncompressed file
ratio: compression ratio (0.0% if unknown)
uncompressed_name: name of the uncompressed file
The uncompressed size is given as -1 for files not in gzip for‐
mat, such as compressed .Z files. To get the uncompressed size
for such a file, you can use:
zcat file.Z | wc -c
In combination with the --verbose option, the following fields
are also displayed:
method: compression method
crc: the 32-bit CRC of the uncompressed data
date &time: time stamp for the uncompressed file
The compression methods currently supported are deflate, com‐
press, lzh (SCO compress -H) and pack. The crc is given as
ffffffff for a file not in gzip format.
With --name, the uncompressed name, date and time are those
stored within the compress file if present.
With --verbose, the size totals and compression ratio for all
files is also displayed, unless some sizes are unknown. With
--quiet, the title and totals lines are not displayed.
-L --license
Display the gzip license and quit.
-n --no-name
When compressing, do not save the original file name and time
stamp by default. (The original name is always saved if the name
had to be truncated.) When decompressing, do not restore the
original file name if present (remove only the gzip suffix from
the compressed file name) and do not restore the original time
stamp if present (copy it from the compressed file). This option
is the default when decompressing.
-N --name
When compressing, always save the original file name and time
stamp this is the default. When decompressing, restore the
original file name and time stamp if present. This option is
useful on systems which have a limit on file name length or when
the time stamp has been lost after a file transfer.
-q --quiet
Suppress all warnings.
-r --recursive
Travel the directory structure recursively. If any of the file
names specified on the command line are directories, gzip will
descend into the directory and compress all the files it finds
there (or decompress them in the case of gunzip ).
-S .suf --suffix .suf
When compressing, use suffix .suf instead of .gz. Any non-empty
suffix can be given, but suffixes other than .z and .gz should
be avoided to avoid confusion when files are transferred to
other systems.
When decompressing, add .suf to the beginning of the list of
suffixes to try, when deriving an output file name from an input
file name.
pack(1).
-t --test
Test. Check the compressed file integrity.
-v --verbose
Verbose. Display the name and percentage reduction for each file
compressed or decompressed.
-V --version
Version. Display the version number and compilation options then
quit.
-# --fast --best
Regulate the speed of compression using the specified digit #,
where -1 or --fast indicates the fastest compression method
(less compression) and -9 or --best indicates the slowest com‐
pression method (best compression). The default compression
level is -6 (that is, biased towards high compression at expense
of speed).
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