配置无密码登录服务器

目前大多数公司都有这样的操作的服务器的，

A: 自己本地电脑

B: 跳板机

C: 服务器

流程通常是这样

a =>b =>c

这样的话，如果通过ssh登录会需要你输入两次密码，比较繁琐

可以通过以下步骤，让你在自己本地，可以通过 ssh 4946 直接登录到服务器上边。

1， 配置A =>B ssh 无密码登录

2， 配置 B =>C ssh 无密码登录

3， 在个人本地电脑上边的.ssh 目录下边新建config

配置如下

Host tiaoban

hostname 180.150.189.164（B的ip）

User zss（B的端口）

Port 122（B的用户名）

ForwardAgent yes

Host 4946

HostName 10.10.78.90 （C的ip）

Port 22（C的端口）

User book（C的用户名）

ProxyCommand ssh zss@tiaoban -W %h:%p

如果这样配置的话，可能会出现这个问题

还会让你输入服务器的密码

这时候把你个人本地生成的ssh 公钥上传到服务器的 .ssh/auauthorized_keys 下边即可

这里有个问题，尽量不要从本地复制公钥到服务器上面，我最近一次配置，因为从本机上直接复制到服务器上，发现还是一直提示我输入密码，然后使用-vvt 也没看出个所以然，最后想了下，是不是本地的公钥有问题，于是去跳板机上把本机的公钥复制过去，果然成功了。

我用文件对比了下，发现是空格，可以看如下图所示：

中间有几个空格，可能就是这几个空格导致的一直提示需要输入密码，所以尽量从跳板机上把自己机器的公钥复制到服务器上面。

天互数据 杜超为您解答

你好，下做法在solaris 10,redhat as 5.0上测试通过。

提示：如果没有。ssh目录可用ssh命令远程登录一下任意机器再退出即可，或者手工创建一个：mkdir .sshchmod 755 .ssh

注意，如果按下列步骤完成后，ssh依然需要输入密码，那么请设置。ssh目录权限为755，authorized_keys*的权限为600

hosta和hostb都必须同步完成以下操作，以hosta为例

================================================================

1、创建密钥对

[root@hosta /]# who am i

root pts/1 2008-04-30 12:08 （172.16.10.220）

[root@hosta /]# cd ~/.ssh

[root@hosta .ssh]# ssh-keygen -t dsa

Generating public/private dsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key （/root/.ssh/id_dsa）：

Enter passphrase （empty for no passphrase）：

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.

Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

0a:13:25:19:a2:59:2c:b1:49:e6:62:90:57:07:e5:f7 root@hosta

passphrase（密钥保护） 保留为空，否则使用ssh时将要求输入passphrase（密钥保护）

2、发布公钥和获取公钥

[root@hosta .ssh]# scp id_dsa.pub hostb:/root/.ssh/hosta.key.pub

root@hostb's password:

id_dsa.pub 100% 600 0.6KB/s 00:00

[root@hosta .ssh]# scp hostb:/root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub /root/.ssh/hostb.key.pub

root@hostb's password:

id_dsa.pub 100% 600 0.6KB/s 00:00

3、对公钥授权

[root@hosta .ssh]# cat id_dsa.pub 》authorized_keys2

[root@hosta .ssh]# cat hostb.key.pub 》authorized_keys2

如果是ssh v1版本，比如solaris 9，就使用authorized_keys文件

4、使用密钥对登录

[root@hosta .ssh]# ssh hostb

Last login: Sun Apr 27 00:04:49 2008 from 172.16.10.220

[root@hostb ~]# exit

logout

Connection to hostb closed.

5、查看日志

[root@hosta .ssh]# more /var/log/secure

Apr 27 10:26:47 hosta sshd[9309]: Accepted password for root from 172.16.10.220 port 239

5 ssh2

Apr 27 10:26:47 hosta sshd[9309]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session opened for user root b

y （uid=0）

Apr 27 10:41:51 hosta sshd[12195]: Accepted password for root from 172.16.10.220 port 24

08 ssh2

Apr 27 10:41:51 hosta sshd[12195]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session opened for user root

by （uid=0）

Apr 27 12:42:15 hosta sshd[3331]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session closed for user root

Apr 27 13:08:32 hosta sshd[26563]: Accepted password for root from 172.16.10.2 port 4324

7 ssh2

Apr 27 13:08:32 hosta sshd[26563]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session opened for user root

by （uid=0）

Apr 27 13:08:33 hosta sshd[26563]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session closed for user root

Apr 27 13:08:52 hosta sshd[26607]: Accepted password for root from 172.16.10.2 port 4324

8 ssh2

Apr 27 13:08:52 hosta sshd[26607]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session opened for user root

by （uid=0）

Apr 27 13:08:52 hosta sshd[26607]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session closed for user root

Apr 27 13:09:15 hosta sshd[26658]: Accepted password for root from 172.16.10.2 port 4324

9 ssh2

Apr 27 13:09:15 hosta sshd[26658]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session opened for user root

by （uid=0）

Apr 27 13:09:15 hosta sshd[26658]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session closed for user root

Apr 27 13:09:25 hosta sshd[26689]: Accepted password for root from 172.16.10.2 port 4325

0 ssh2

Apr 27 13:09:25 hosta sshd[26689]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session opened for user root

by （uid=0）

Apr 27 13:09:25 hosta sshd[26689]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session closed for user root

Apr 27 13:51:27 hosta sshd[29770]: Accepted password for root from 172.16.10.220 port 4248 ssh2

Apr 27 13:51:27 hosta sshd[29770]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session opened for user root by （uid=0）

Apr 27 13:53:54 hosta sshd[29770]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session closed for user root

Apr 27 15:13:48 hosta sshd[9309]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session closed for user root

Apr 27 15:22:20 hosta sshd[12195]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session closed for user root

Apr 27 23:37:48 hosta sshd[7798]: Accepted password for root from 172.16.10.220 port 4948 ssh2

Apr 27 23:37:48 hosta sshd[7798]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session opened for user root by （uid=0）

Apr 28 04:30:58 hosta sshd[7798]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session closed for user root

Apr 30 12:08:32 hosta sshd[15039]: Accepted password for root from 172.16.10.220 port 1637 ssh2

Apr 30 12:08:32 hosta sshd[15039]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session opened for user root by （uid=0）

Apr 30 12:11:05 hosta useradd[15282]: new group: name=mysql, GID=503

Apr 30 12:11:05 hosta useradd[15282]: new user: name=mysql, UID=503, GID=503, home=/home/mysql, shell=/bin/bash

Apr 30 12:22:18 hosta sshd[16164]: Accepted password for root from 172.16.10.2 port 47224 ssh2

Apr 30 12:22:18 hosta sshd[16164]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session opened for user root by （uid=0）

Apr 30 12:22:18 hosta sshd[16164]: pam_unix（sshd:session）： session closed for user root

6、查看ssh的详细操作记录（ssh -v, scp -v or sftp -v …）

[root@hosta .ssh]# scp -v /root/install.log hostb:/root

Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host hostb, user （unspecified）， command scp -v -t /root

OpenSSH_4.3p2, OpenSSL 0.9.8b 04 May 2006

debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config

debug1: Applying options for *

debug1: Connecting to hostb [172.16.10.2] port 22.

debug1: Connection established.

debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0

debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/identity type -1

debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type -1

debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type 2

debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_4.3

debug1: match: OpenSSH_4.3 pat OpenSSH*

debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0

debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_4.3

debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent

debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received

debug1: kex: server->client aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none

debug1: kex: client->server aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none

debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST（1024<1024<8192） sent

debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP

debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent

debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY

debug1: Host 'hostb' is known and matches the RSA host key.

debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:2

debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct

debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent

debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS

debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received

debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent

debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received

debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-with-mic,password

debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-with-mic

debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information

No credentials cache found

debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information

No credentials cache found

debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information

No credentials cache found

debug1: Next authentication method: publickey

debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/identity

debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa

debug1: Offering public key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa

debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-dss blen 433

debug1: read PEM private key done: type DSA

debug1: Authentication succeeded （publickey）。

debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]

debug1: Entering interactive session.

debug1: Sending environment.

debug1: Sending env LANG = zh_CN.GB18030

debug1: Sending command: scp -v -t /root

Sending file modes: C0644 35582 install.log

Sink: C0644 35582 install.log

install.log 100% 35KB 34.8KB/s 00:00

debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype exit-status reply 0

debug1: channel 0: free: client-session, nchannels 1

debug1: fd 0 clearing O_NONBLOCK

debug1: fd 1 clearing O_NONBLOCK

debug1: Transferred: stdin 0, stdout 0, stderr 0 bytes in 0.2 seconds

debug1: Bytes per second: stdin 0.0, stdout 0.0, stderr 0.0

debug1: Exit status 0

不可以用讯雷吧

leapftp专用的登陆软件，flashget也可以

打开flashget，上面一栏的图标里面有个文件夹带一个小地球样子的，叫站点资源浏览器。点开，地址栏输入地址，点击登陆，在后面输入用户名密码，回车，就可以了。

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