blue@blue-pc:~$ lscpu
Architecture: i686#cpu架构
CPU op-mode(s):32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:Little Endian #小尾序
CPU(s):4 #总共有4核
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3
Thread(s) per core:1 #每个cpu核,只能支持一个线程,即不支持超线程
Core(s) per socket:4 #每个cpu,有4个核
Socket(s): 1 #总共有1一个cpu
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel#cpu产商 intel
CPU family:6
Model: 42
Stepping: 7
CPU MHz: 1600.000
BogoMIPS: 5986.12
Virtualization:VT-x#支持cpu虚拟化技术
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 256K
L3 cache: 6144K
查看/proc/cpuinfo,可以知道每个cpu信息,如每个CPU的型号,主频等。
#cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor: 0
vendor_id: GenuineIntel
cpu family: 6
model: 42
model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2320 CPU @ 3.00GHz
.....
上面输出的是第一个cpu部分信息,还有3个cpu信息省略了。
概要查看内存情况
free -m
total used free sharedbuffers cached
Mem: 3926 3651274 0 12404
-/+ buffers/cache: 3235691
Swap: 9536 31 9505
这里的单位是MB,总共的内存是3926MB。
查看内存详细使用
# cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:4020868 kB
MemFree: 230884 kB
Buffers:7600 kB
Cached: 454772 kB
SwapCached: 836 kB
.....
查看内存硬件信息
dmidecode -t memory
# dmidecode 2.11
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0008, DMI type 16, 23 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
....
Maximum Capacity: 32 GB
....
Handle 0x000A, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
....
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0008
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
.....
我的主板有4个槽位,只用了一个槽位,上面插了一条4096MB的内存。
磁盘
查看硬盘和分区分布
# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:00 465.8G 0 disk
├—sda1 8:10 1G 0 part /boot
├—sda2 8:20 9.3G 0 part [SWAP]
├—sda3 8:30 74.5G 0 part /
├—sda4 8:40 1K 0 part
├—sda5 8:50 111.8G 0 part /home
└—sda6 8:60 269.2G 0 part
显示很直观
如果要看硬盘和分区的详细信息
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00023728
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 *2048 2148351 1073152 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 214835221680127 9765888 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda321680128 17793023978125056 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 177932286 976771071 3994193935 Extended/dev/sda5 177932288 412305407 117186560 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 412307456 976771071 282231808 83 Linux
查看网卡硬件信息
# lspci | grep -i 'eth'
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06)
查看系统的所有网络接口
# ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:以太网 硬件地址 b8:97:5a:17:b3:8f
.....
loLink encap:本地环回
.....
或者是
ip link show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK>mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether b8:97:5a:17:b3:8f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
如果要查看某个网络接口的详细信息,例如eth0的详细参数和指标
# ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full #支持千兆半双工,全双工模式
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes #支持自适应模式,一般都支持
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes #默认使用自适应模式
Link partner advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
.....
Speed: 100Mb/s #现在网卡的速度是100Mb,网卡使用自适应模式,所以推测路由是100Mb,导致网卡从支 持千兆,变成要支持百兆
Duplex: Full #全双工
.....
Link detected: yes#表示有网线连接,和路由是通的
其他
查看pci信息,即主板所有硬件槽信息。
lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) #主板芯片
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) #显卡
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) #usb控制器
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) #声卡
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) #pci 插槽
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev c4)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation Panther Point 4 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04) #硬盘接口
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04)
00:1f.5 IDE interface: Intel Corporation Panther Point 2 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04) #硬盘接口
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06) #网卡
03:00.0 PCI bridge: Integrated Technology Express, Inc. Device 8893 (rev 41)
如果要更详细的信息:lspci -v 或者 lspci -vv
如果要看设备树:lscpi -t
查看bios信息
# dmidecode -t bios
......
BIOS Information
Vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
Version: 4.6.5
Release Date: 04/25/2012
.......
BIOS Revision: 4.6
......
dmidecode以一种可读的方式dump出机器的DMI(Desktop Management Interface)信息。这些信息包括了硬件以及BIOS,既可以得到当前的配置,也可以得到系统支持的最大配置,比如说支持的最大内存数等。
如果要查看所有有用信息
dmidecode -q
以上是linux查看硬件信息的所有命令,可以查看CPU、硬盘、网卡、磁盘等硬件的信息。
1查看物理cpu个数grep 'physical id' /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u
2查看核心数量
grep 'core id' /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u | wc -l
3查看线程数
grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo | sort -u | wc -l
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