现在想立即关闭服务器,应该敲什么命令

Ctrl+Z或shutdown -h now。

Windows系统下关闭服务器，可以打开控制台cmd，按下Ctrl+Z，会出现终止批处理操作吗(Y/N)？，输入y即可退出成功。Linux操作系统下，可以使用命令shutdown -h now关闭服务器。

方法步骤如下：

1、首先打开计算机，单击【开始】，选择【控制面板】，在新窗口中单击【程序和功能】选项。

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2、使用鼠标单击【打开或关闭Windows服务】选项。

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3、弹出如下窗口，选择【Internet信息服务】选项。

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4、单击【+】展开列表，单击【确定】按钮即可成功关闭IIS服务。

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1. 启动数据库服务器(posgres用户)：

[postgres@localhost bin]$ postgres -D /opt/postgresql/data/ >/opt/postgresql/log/pg_server.log 2>&1 &

[1] 4508

当然如果设置了环境变量

PGDATA=/opt/postgresql/data

export PGDATA

后，可使用pg_ctl工具进行启动:

[postgres@localhost log]$ pg_ctl start -l /opt/postgresql/log/pg_server.log

pg_ctl: another server might be runningtrying to start server anyway

pg_ctl: could not start server

Examine the log output.

[postgres@localhost log]$

因为之前已经启动，所以打印“another server might be running”。此时，查看日志，有如下信息:

[postgres@localhost log]$ cat pg_server.log

FATAL: lock file "postmaster.pid" already exists

HINT: Is another postmaster (PID 4491) running in data directory "/opt/postgresql/data"?

[postgres@localhost log]$

当然，最简的.启动方式是：

[postgres@localhost ~]$ pg_ctl start

server starting

[postgres@localhost ~]$ LOG: database system was shut down at 2011-07-09 13:58:00 CST

LOG: autovacuum launcher started

LOG: database system is ready to accept connections

如果要在操作系统启动时就启动PG,可以在/etc/rc.d/rc.local 文件中加以下语句：

/opt/postgresql/bin/pg_ctl start -l /opt/postgresql/log/pg_server.log -D /opt/postgresql/data

2.关闭服务器

最简单方法：

[postgres@localhost ~]$ pg_ctl stop

waiting for server to shut down.... done

server stopped

与Oracle相同，在关闭时也可采用不同的模式，简介如下：

SIGTERM

不再允许新的连接，但是允许所有活跃的会话正常完成他们的工作，只有在所有会话都结束任务后才关闭。这是智能关闭。

SIGINT

不再允许新的连接，向所有活跃服务器发送 SIGTERM(让它们立刻退出)，然后等待所有子进程退出并关闭数据库。这是快速关闭。

SIGQUIT

令 postgres 向所有子进程发送 SIGQUIT 并且立即退出(所有子进程也会立即退出)，而不会妥善地关闭数据库系统。这是立即关闭。这样做会导致下次启动时的恢复(通过重放 WAL 日志)。我们推荐只在紧急的时候使用这个方法。

SIGKILL

此选项尽量不要使用，这样会阻止服务器清理共享内存和信号灯资源，那样的话你只能在启动服务器之前自己手工做这件事。另外，SIGKILL 直接把 postgres 杀掉，而不会等它把信号中继给它的子进程，因此我们还需要手工杀掉每个独立子进程。

使用方法举例：

[postgres@localhost ~]$ pg_ctl stop -o SIGTERM

LOG: received smart shutdown request

LOG: autovacuum launcher shutting down

waiting for server to shut down....LOG: shutting down

LOG: database system is shut down

done

server stopped

[postgres@localhost ~]$

最快速关闭方法：kill postgres 进程

[postgres@localhost ~]$ kill -INT `head -1 /opt/postgresql/data/postmaster.pid`

[postgres@localhost ~]$ LOG: received fast shutdown request

LOG: aborting any active transactions

LOG: autovacuum launcher shutting down

LOG: shutting down

LOG: database system is shut down

附：postgre启动后的进程，如下:

[postgres@localhost ~]$ ps -ef|grep post

root 4609 4543 0 13:57 pts/2 00:00:00 su - postgres

postgres 4610 4609 0 13:57 pts/2 00:00:00 -bash

postgres 4724 1 0 14:08 pts/2 00:00:00 /opt/postgresql/bin/postgres

postgres 4726 4724 0 14:08 ? 00:00:00 postgres: writer process

postgres 4727 4724 0 14:08 ? 00:00:00 postgres: wal writer process

postgres 4728 4724 0 14:08 ? 00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher process

postgres 4729 4724 0 14:08 ? 00:00:00 postgres: stats collector process

postgres 4752 4610 0 14:11 pts/2 00:00:00 ps -ef

postgres 4753 4610 0 14:11 pts/2 00:00:00 grep post

[postgres@localhost ~]$

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