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PTFE具有优异的化学稳定性和良好的自润滑性,它是目前最优秀的人工固体减摩材料,其摩擦学特性最接近于人体软骨组织,因此,在Ti合金表面涂覆PTFE,将大大改善Ti合金的滑动摩擦性能。但是,PTFE本身强度低,表面能极低,和金属的亲和性差,直接将PTFE涂覆在Ti合金表面其结合强度低,易剥离。
基于以上原因,本文将运用化学镀Ni-P作为基体支持PTFE粒子。在Ti合金的表面沉积Ni-P-PTFE复合镀层,以使Ti合金表面获得自润滑性和低的摩擦因数的表面改性层,并对Ni-P-PTFE的摩擦磨损性能进行了研究。
2 工艺过程
Ti-6Al-4V经过除油,去氧化膜,活化等前处理后,即可进行化学镀Ni-P-PTFE。化学镀Ni-P-PTFE要求PTFE颗粒能均匀地分散在溶液中。本实验采用粒径为0.05~0.5 μm左右的PTFE粒子。在酸性化学镀镍溶液〔4〕中加入适量的PTFE微粒,并进行机械搅拌。化学镀Ni-P-PTFE的工艺条件如下:NiSO4·6H2O:25 g/L;NaH2PO2·H2O:27 g/L柠檬酸:20 g/L;乙酸钠:20 g/L;加速剂:2 g/L;稳定剂:5×10-2 g/L;表面活性剂:10 ml/L;pH值4.6~5.0;温度85 ℃。所添加的表面活性剂是由非离子表面活性剂和阳离子表面活性剂混合而成的,既使镀液中PTFE微粒具有良好悬浮性,又使PTFE微粒带正电荷,促进了PTFE粒子在Ti-6Al-4V表面吸附而与Ni-P发生共沉积〔5〕。所获得的Ni-P-PTFE复合层中PTFE体积含量达到10%~15%,镀层具有灰色金属光泽。运用SEM对镀层进行观察发现PTFE粒子在镀层中分布较为均匀,镀层平整而无孔隙。
3 镀层摩擦性能
摩擦磨损实验在MM-200型磨损试验机上进行,对磨偶为GCr15,半径为23.5 cm,载荷为50 N,滑动速度为1 m/sec。试验在干摩擦条件下进行。
Ni-P-PTFE显示出很高的耐磨性,其磨损量在较短时间内达到稳定值,然后随着磨损时间的增加,而呈现下降趋势。图1为摩擦因素与磨损时间的关系。从图中可以看出,Ni-P-PTFE的摩擦因素很低,具有较好的减摩效果,其磨损因素随着滑动距离的增加而基本维持不变,摩擦因素的波动也很小。Ti-6Al-4V合金经过化学镀Ni-P-PTFE处理后,摩擦磨损性能有显著提高。
图1 摩擦因素与磨损时间的关系
Fig 1 Coefficient of friction with wear time
4 结 论
(1)采用化学复合镀工艺,可以在Ti-6Al-4V表面获得Ni-P-PTFE复合镀层,其中PTFE的含量在10-15vol%,镀层光滑致密。
(2)化学镀Ni-P-PTFE复合层具有优异的耐磨性和减摩性,大大改善了Ti-6Al-4V摩擦磨损性能,使Ti-6Al-4V应用于在人工关节以及其它磨损较大的部位成为可能。
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东莞英成铁氟龙有限公司
联 系 人:高保成业务经理
电 话:0769-83841809(欲联系该企业请拨打此电话)
所在地区:广东省东莞
联系地址:东莞市樟木头镇樟罗龙珠二座
铁氟龙(PTFE)因拥有极强的碳一氟键结和高分子量使其具有下列各项优异特性:
● 宽广的温度适用范围:-200℃~ +260 ℃
● 抗积压种腐蚀的化学药剂
● 抗黏特性
● 极低的磨擦系数
● 不可燃烧
● 优良的气特性( 不随频率及温度变化而改变)
● 极佳的机械特性
● 耐震富弹性
● 无老化问题
● 抗水气及紫外线
● 无毒性
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希望有用,祝快乐、平安。
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