The same adhesion phenomenon occurs on the valve seat surfaces.同样的粘附现象，对阀座表面。 Figure 4 shows SEM micrographs of the worn exhaust valve seat surface of engine #6175 after 1474 hours of testing.图4显示形貌磨损排气阀座表面引擎＃ 6175后一四七四小时测试。 The valve material is Stellite 6 faced 23-8N (solution treated and aged).阀门材料Stellite 6面临23 - 8N （固溶处理和年龄） 。 The arrows in Figure 4b indicate the locations of EDX analysis.箭头图4B条显示的位置， X射线能谱分析。 Note the pits and deposits on the worn seat surface.请注意坑和存款的座位表面的磨损。 Figures 5a shows the EDX spectrum of spot A on Figure 4b showing adhered insert material.图5a显示能谱谱识别图4B条显示坚持插入材料。 Note molybdenum and manganese in the spectrum.注意：钼和锰的频谱。 Figure 5b shows the EDX spectrum of spot B in Figure 4b showing both adhered insert material and oil deposits.图5B条显示能谱谱现货B的图4B条既坚持插入材料和石油矿藏。 Note molybdenum., phosphorous, chlorine, calcium, and zinc in the spectrum.注意：钼。 ，磷，氯，钙，锌的频谱。 Other valves from different engines labeled as "adhesion" in Table 2 share this typical adhesive phenomenon.其他阀门从不同的引擎标示为“粘连”的表2分享这一典型胶粘剂现象。
The adhesive wear mode appears to predominate at valve seat interfaces with high asperity contact stresses or high combustion pressure.在粘着磨损为主模式似乎在阀座接口微凸体接触应力高或高燃烧压力。 The surface roughness can contribute to adhesion significantly.表面粗糙度可有助于粘附显着。 Valves faced with Stellite alloy show less adhesive wear than unfaced valves, Table 2.阀门面临Stellite合金显示较少粘着磨损比unfaced阀，表2 。 The presence of high melting point phases, such as carbide or ceramic compounds in the contacting materials is believed to help prevent microwelding or adhesion related wear.在场的高熔点阶段，如硬质合金或陶瓷化合物在接触材料被认为有助于防止microwelding或粘附相关磨损。
Shear strain, also known as radial flow, is defined as the first derivative of the displacement, ie, .剪应变，也称为径向流，被界定为一阶导数的位移，即。 Figure 6 [8].图6 [ 8 ] 。 Shear strain controlled wear can characterized as a surface plastic deformation process.剪应变控制的磨损可以定性为表面塑性变形过程。 The wear is the result of the shear strain on the seat surface exceeding the plasticity limit of the material.磨损是由于剪应变的座椅表面超过限额的塑性材料。 The material is then detached or delaminated from the seating surface as wear particles.材料是那么超脱或脱层从座椅表面磨损颗粒。 The typical appearance of shear strain controlled wear are ridges and/or radial flow of material on valve seats and inserts.典型的外观剪应变磨损是脊控制和/或径向流动的材料阀座和刀片。 Shear strain controlled wear sometimes is associated with adhesion.剪应变控制磨损有时与粘连。
Traction
How any startup can achieve explosive customer growth
by Gabriel Weinberg and Justin Mares
"Most startups don't fail because they can't build a product. Most startups fail because they can't get traction.”
初创企业如何获得增长，至少要有50%的资源与开发同样多的投入才行。
书给我们列举了19个渠道，并提供了相关的实操案例
Nineteen channels:
1.Targeting Blogs
2.Publicity
3.Unconventional PR
4.Search Engine Marketing(SEM)
5.Social and Display Ads
6.Offline Ads
7.Search Engine Optimization(SEO)
8.Content Marketing
9.Email Marketing
10.Viral Marketing
11.Engineering as Marketing
12.Business Development(BD)
13.Sales
14.Affiliate Programs
15.Existing Platforms
16.Trade Shows
17.Offline Events
18.Speaking Engagements
19.Community Building
易网络的路径：
Site >APP >product
1.targeting Blogs >app / site
2.Publicity >Product and brand
3.SEM and APP store >app
4.SEO and AEO
5.EM for new and target user
6.BD
7.Sales
Targets:
步骤
1.先在一些新品推荐上爆光，直接介绍看看大家的反映
2.上一些如知识介绍案例等
3.2.在一些论坛上逐步拉人，同时在一些产品推荐上做
摘 要:采用包埋渗法在Cr-50Nb合金表面制备单渗Si涂层，研究经不同包埋渗温度（950℃～1250℃）和时间（1h、2h、5h）制备的涂层对Cr-50Nb合金在1100℃和1200℃空气中循环氧化的影响。结果表明，在1250℃X2h下包埋渗Si涂层的试样抗氧化性最好，这些试样的氧化曲线基本符合抛物线规律。SEM和XRD分析显示，1250℃X2h下包埋渗得到的涂层分三层，每层均存在NbCrSi三元化物,且越往内含Si越少。在1250℃下包埋渗Si 2h后的试样进行了1100℃和1200℃循环氧化，试样表面均形成了具有保护性的氧化膜，较好的保护了基体不被氧化。关键词：Cr-Nb合金；包埋渗；工艺；涂层；抗氧化性
Abstract: The seepage law embedded in the Cr-50Nb alloy surface preparation of Si single-permeability coating to study the infiltration by the embedding of different temperature (950 ℃ ~ 1250 ℃) and time (1h, 2h, 5h) Preparation of the coating on the Cr - 50Nb alloy at 1100 ℃ and 1200 ℃ in air oxidation cycle. The results showed that under the 1250 ℃ X2h embedded permeability of the sample Si coating the best antioxidant, the oxidation of these samples consistent with the parabolic curve of the basic law. SEM and XRD analysis showed that, 1250 ℃ X2h dialysis be embedded under the coating at three NbCrSi on each floor there are three compounds, and more to contain less Si. In 1250 ℃ under the embedded Si 2h dialysis sample after a 1100 ℃ and 1200 ℃ cyclic oxidation, the specimen surface formed a protective oxide film, the better protection of the substrate is not oxidized.
Key words: Cr-Nb alloyembedded dialysistechnologycoatingantioxidant
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